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LAB 6 — Spring Boot REST API: Students CRUD
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Course:    Web Technologies
Topic:     Lecture 8a (Spring Boot)
Time:      3 hours lab + 4 hours self-study

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LEARNING GOALS
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- Generate a Spring Boot project
- Build entity / repository / service / controller layers
- Implement a complete CRUD REST API
- Validate input with javax/jakarta validation annotations
- Test endpoints with curl and a REST client (Postman / Insomnia / VS Code REST Client)

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PREREQUISITES
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- JDK 21+
- Maven (bundled mvnw works fine)

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TASKS
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TASK 1 — Generate
  - Use start.spring.io with: web, data-jpa, h2, validation, lombok
  - Group: tz.ac.suza.wt
  - Artifact: students-api

TASK 2 — Entity + Repository
  - Student: id, name, email (unique), course, year (1..4), createdAt
  - JPA annotations + validation: @NotBlank, @Email, @Min/@Max
  - StudentRepository extends JpaRepository<Student, Long>
  - Custom finder: findByCourse(String course)

TASK 3 — Service + Controller
  - StudentService: business operations + 404 throwing
  - StudentController under /api/students with full CRUD
  - Use proper status codes: 201 Created, 204 No Content
  - @Valid on create/update bodies

TASK 4 — Error handling
  - @RestControllerAdvice that returns clean JSON errors
  - Validation errors -> 400 with field messages
  - Not found -> 404 with message

TASK 5 — Test with REST client
  Save a requests.http file with:
    POST   /api/students   (create)
    GET    /api/students   (list)
    GET    /api/students/1
    PUT    /api/students/1 (update)
    DELETE /api/students/1
  Plus one negative test (invalid email).

TASK 6 — Document
  - Add springdoc-openapi-starter-webmvc-ui dependency
  - Confirm Swagger UI is at /swagger-ui.html

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DELIVERABLES
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- GitHub repo
- requests.http demonstrating CRUD
- Screenshot of Swagger UI in README

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GRADING (10 marks)
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Entity + repository ............... 1
Controller + service .............. 3
Validation + error handling ....... 2
Correct status codes .............. 1
Tested via requests.http .......... 2
Swagger UI live ................... 1